标签：Wittgenstein

The Great Blockchain of Being—Decentralized Philosophy in This Age (An Introduction to Blockchain Philosophy)

Philosophy & Thought2025.09.26
The Great Blockchain of Being—Decentralized Philosophy in This Age (An Introduction to Blockchain Philosophy)
I am in the process of building my own “blockchain philosophy” — not using philosophy to discuss blockchain, but using blockchain to construct “universality,” that is, whether it is possible to pursue universal knowledge in a decentralized (anti-absolutist, anti-dogmatic) way. Universality is philosophy’s eternal pursuit, yet in modern times it has fallen into confusion; I believe blockchain is one way of responding to this. Below is the preface I wrote for Blockchain Philosophy; perhaps this book could also be called The Great Chain (Block) of Being, or Using the False to Cultivate the True, and so on. This book will gather together everything I have learned in my life, so…
philosophy Heidegger Bitcoin blockchain
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2025年9月26日
Games and Its Mission

Culture & Public Commentary2021.08.16
Games and Its Mission
This piece was originally published as the cover article in The Intellectual Weekly, and was slightly revised at the time of publication; here I am posting the original draft. It was written before the “opium theory,” so its appearance now is actually rather apt. But by the time I was writing it, I had already consciously trimmed back many of the directions the discussion might have taken, and it felt like I hadn’t written it with enough freedom. I had originally planned to revise it again and submit it for the phenomenology and philosophy of technology conference, but the conference was postponed because of the pandemic, so I never went…
culture freedom modernity Marx
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2021年8月16日
The Ontological Basis of ‘Scarcity Makes Things Valuable’—With a Discussion of Why Bitcoin Is Valuable

Philosophy & Thought2018.01.22
The Ontological Basis of ‘Scarcity Makes Things Valuable’—With a Discussion of Why Bitcoin Is Valuable
This was originally meant to be a short piece about Bitcoin. On a whim I gave it a flashy title, but as I wrote it, it turned into a philosophical essay. In fact, the title is not all that outrageous. From the very beginning, what drew my attention to Bitcoin was that I saw it as an application of my own philosophical ideas. Over the following years, I have continued to use my philosophy of technology or media philosophy to interpret the significance of Bitcoin. By setting a fixed cap of 21 million, Bitcoin guarantees scarcity. As the saying goes, “what is rare is precious”; Bitcoin is so scarce, so…
philosophy Web3 value Bitcoin
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2018年1月22日
Selected Readings in Classics of Philosophy of Science: Sample In-Class Questions

Teaching & Courses2017.11.01
Selected Readings in Classics of Philosophy of Science: Sample In-Class Questions
We’ve now finished reading two books in the course. Overall, the students have all done fairly well: basically everyone was able to complete the reading and actively participate in discussion. Of course, compared with the format of Mr. Wu’s class, my course still has far too little of a sense of pressure overall. Mr. Wu’s reading class is entirely led by him: he sprays questions at random, asking all kinds of incisive questions. His questions are all tightly keyed to the text, yet none of them can be answered by just skimming it casually. Every class has to be approached with trepidation; after class, you dare not fail to read…
philosophy of science course Scientific Revolution Kuhn
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2017年11月1日
Travel Notes on the Lushan Conference

History of Science & Scholarship2013.09.11
Travel Notes on the Lushan Conference
Departing on August 28 and returning to Beijing on September 4, this conference trip, counting from beginning to end, lasted a full week; it was the longest conference I have ever attended, practically a vacation. Ever since I went to Nanning in 2009 to attend the Third Conference on Phenomenology and Philosophy of Technology, I have now attended five consecutive conferences. Aside from Nanning, where I only wrote a little “Miscellaneous Notes,” I went on to write full conference gripe-sessions about Hailar, Yangma Island, and Guangzhou, and I am now in the awkward position of having ridden the tiger and being unable to get off; this time, too, I ought…
Heidegger phenomenology Kuhn Confucianism
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2013年9月11日
How Should We Understand Why “Proof” Is the Core Concept of the “Foundations of Mathematics”?

History of Science & Scholarship2010.07.02
How Should We Understand Why “Proof” Is the Core Concept of the “Foundations of Mathematics”?
First, it is necessary to note that “proof” is an ancient concept, whereas “mathematical foundations” is a much newer one; ever since ancient Greece, “proof” has been one of the central concepts in the Western mathematical tradition, whereas the topic or subdiscipline of “mathematical foundations” emerged mainly only in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The demand for “proof” makes mathematics in Western culture different from arithmetic and surveying. Mathematics pursues not merely the obtaining of a valid result, but even more the process of rigorous deduction and argumentation. But even within the Western tradition, the understanding of mathematical proof has by no means been static. And the reason…
philosophy science mathematics logic
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2010年7月2日
About Rainwater, Let Me Say a Few Mystical Things Too; I Haven’t Forgotten That I Am Rain

Life & Notes2009.03.16
About Rainwater, Let Me Say a Few Mystical Things Too; I Haven’t Forgotten That I Am Rain
The first, the most crucial, and the final question is respectively communication, communication, and communication. A flowing individual communicates flowing emotions with flowing words in a flowing world. Only when the flowing river receives the rain of the moment does it remain eternally undried. Latest Comments Guchen 2009-03-16 15:45:42 :“Dialectics” is just dialogue, or rather “communication studies.” I think “philosophy of communication” also sounds good. I feel that, whether one is speaking of how people get along with one another or of how people get along with the world, communication is both a premise, a means, and an end. physis 2009-03-22 23:24:34 anonymous 59.55.252.230 Saw an article that can echo…
philosophy everyday life truth Wittgenstein
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2009年3月16日
Classroom Presentation Script on Realism and Anti-Realism

History of Science & Scholarship2008.12.28
Classroom Presentation Script on Realism and Anti-Realism
Realism can be said to be one of the major questions in the history of science and a problem that reaches far back and ramifies widely. It can at least be traced to the dispute between Plato and Aristotle, and it was also one of the main topics of medieval scholastic philosophy. In contemporary philosophy of science, as well as in epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of mind, philosophy of religion, and so on, realism is also an inescapable theme. The definition of realism and anti-realism is likewise highly uncertain. What counts as realism from one angle may count as anti-realism from another. The treatment of realism in this material is rather…
science philosophy of science Aristotle truth
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2008年12月28日
Writing Is a Kind of Outpouring

History of Science & Scholarship2008.07.18
Writing Is a Kind of Outpouring
I often hear people say “write, leak.” This is not merely a coincidence of shape; in fact, “write” and “leak” were originally the same character. Jinshan Ciba says: “写，置物也。——《说文》。俗字亦作泻。” Perhaps the evolution of “写” into the meaning of writing merely stems from its original sense of “to place,” but Chinese characters are, after all, endlessly subtle. Whether or not this is a coincidence, these two characters have in any case been deeply bound together. People say good prose is “flowed out,” and I know that my own articles really are flowed out. In this way, I suppose they at least satisfy the necessary but not sufficient condition for becoming good…
scholarship Chinese language writing
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2008年7月18日
What Logic Do We Use in Everyday Discussion?

Philosophy & Thought2008.02.18
What Logic Do We Use in Everyday Discussion?
Today I listened to Hu Ge’s “intuitionistic logic.” The first class naturally began with a bit of introduction and overview before moving on to the logical system itself. What I was interested in was the introductory part. Hu Ge works in mathematics, so the philosophical disputes were brushed past in a sentence and did not take up much time. Hu Ge’s sketch of intuitionistic logic was still quite concise and on point: intuitionism is aimed at mathematics, not at everyday communication; in everyday communication, the law of excluded middle remains reliable, because the world with which daily life comes into contact is finite. And intuitionistic logic is not some paranoid…
philosophy mathematics discussion logic
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2008年2月18日